Chapter 10: Database Engineering, Replication & Scaling

Databases under load: relational modeling, NoSQL, storage engines, ACID and isolation, replication, sharding, and distributed query/PITR.

• Relational Data Modeling, Normalization, and Indexing Strategies (B-Tree, Hash, GIN, GiST)
• NoSQL Classifications: Key-Value, Document, Columnar (Cassandra), and Graph Databases (Neo4j)
• Storage Engines: OLTP (Row-Oriented) vs OLAP (Columnar/Parquet/ClickHouse/Apache Arrow In-Memory Engine)
• ACID Guarantees & Transaction Isolation Levels (Read Committed, Repeatable Read, Serializable)
• Database Replication & Data Synchronization: Leader-Follower, Multi-Leader, Leaderless (Dynamo-Style), Change Data Capture (CDC), Active-Active Multi-Region Sync, and Point-In-Time Recovery (PITR)
• Partitioning & Sharding Strategies: Range, Hash, List, and Directory-Based Sharding
• Distributed Query Execution, Global Secondary Indexes, and Point-In-Time Recovery (PITR)
• References